The idea of development has never belonged exclusively to the domain of the domestic politics. The famous Keynes– White debate, which structured much of the post- war global order, was in fact about ideas, policy mechanisms, and the processes through which ‗development‘ could be brought about. Since then, there have been a large number of interrogations of all three: the idea, policy, and processes of ‗development‘. However, time–space constraints preclude any detailed discussion of this thread of a rather rich literature. Suffice it to note that global political economy, until the 1980s, precluded any serious policy engagement across ideological as also systemic divides on this issue.

The study investigated the home-based factors contributing to poor academic performance in Community Day Secondary Schools (CDSSs) in Mwanza District – Malawi. There was limited empirical evidence on the home-based factors contributing to low academic performance and this prompted the researcher to focus on the students’ home environment and its impact on academic performance. The study employed a case study research design with qualitative approach whereby the sample of 125 respondents comprising 100 students and 25 teachers from public secondary schools in Mwanza District was used. Interview and questionnaire were used as tools for collecting primary data while documentary review was used to collect secondary data. The findings of the study revealed that inadequate parental support and civic education, long distances from home to school and cultural practices have contributed to poor academic performance in the CDSSs in Mwanza District – Malawi. Additionally, policymakers, school administrators and other educational stakeholders may utilize the study results to develop policies and programs that are aimed at addressing the identified problems and enhance academic performance in community day secondary schools in Mwanza District - Malawi.

Although monarchy, religion, and language all retained their key roles in state creation under the new system, the rulers were unable to put multiculturalism into effect. As a result, identity politics have been given a platform thanks to a shift in emphasis from changing systems to changing actors inside them. Because the Maoist movement recognized the identity-politics objectives of many castes, ethnicities, languages, sexes, etc., the violent fight of the Maoists was effective. As a result of the Maoists' desire for a peaceful conclusion to their fight and the south's recognition of the futility of multi-party players, Nepal entered a republican era and signed the twelve-point accord. Furthermore, the demands of excluded and disadvantaged groups rendered the state-building process ineffective throughout this period of transitional democracy. People's hopes and dreams were not quickly realized due to a lack of ideologically-oriented leaders and political parties. The administration was too ineffective to fulfill the people's hopes and dreams. From the start, internal actors have politicized people's sociopolitical difficulties and laid blame at each other's feet. Peace and political stability in Nepal have room to be affected by events outside the country.

This paper reviews all the literatures related to Defense Mechanisms and Psycho-immunity individually, based on various articles and books. A framework is provided that determines the correlation between the use of defense mechanisms and Psycho-immunity and does gender play a major role difference in this process. And to improve Psycho-immunity by using some indigenous techniques. The review is structured first, to provide a brief overview. Second, to integrate the literatures of defense mechanisms and psycho-immunity. Third, to describe the literatures of improving psycho-immunity with the help of indigenous techniques. Finally, the research agenda of this review article is to provide suggestions, about the dynamics of behavioral patterns of both the gender as well as their psycho-immunities, and how to improve their psycho-immunity

The spiritual environment has become an important part of the present scenario and a diverse and dynamic field that continues to evolve as people seek to find deeper meaning, connection, and purpose in their lives. The present study attempted to study the effect of intergenerational conflict among adolescents, young adults, and older adults living in a spiritual environment. The population included samples (N=90) among which 30 are adolescents, 30 are young adults and 30 are older adults. The samples were collected from ashrams in Haridwar and Ahmedabad. The data were collected through Intergenerational Conflict Scale developed by Dr. Roma Pal (1987). Using a one-way ANOVA test, the study aimed to determine if there was a significant difference in the effect of intergenerational conflict on spirituality across the different age groups. The null hypothesis was not accepted, indicating that there was no significant difference in the effect of intergenerational conflict among the three age groups living in spiritual environments. While intergenerational conflict is a common phenomenon in spiritual environments, this study suggests that its effect on spiritual well-being may be similar across age groups. The results finding suggested that the impact of intergenerational conflict on spirituality in spiritual environments is consistent across different age groups, highlighting the need for effective communication and understanding between generations to reduce conflict and promote spiritual well-being. Promoting communication between generations to foster a positive and inclusive spiritual environment.

The Hindu faith has been around for many centuries. Such a custom originated on the Indian subcontinent and greatly influenced Indian civilization. Most Indians' sense of self is deeply intertwined with their Hindu religious beliefs. However, the genuine meaning of the word "Hinduism" is frequently lost on many individuals, including those who identify as "Hindu." It has been described as both a religion and a way of life. In this essay, we'll explore the origins of Hinduism as a "way of life" and its subsequent evolution into a "religion" in an effort to address this issue. Hinduism is considered to be an ancient faith. It is not known for certain how long Hinduism has been around, although its history is said to go back more than 4000 years. Almost every country on Earth now has at least some Hindu residents, with India accounting for 90% of these believers. Almost 900 million people worldwide identify as Hindu, making it the third largest religious group after Christians and Muslims. There is also a direct link between the origins of Hinduism and the spread of Hindu principles and the Sanskrit language. Many scholars believe that Sanskrit was the language from which both proto-Indo-Aryan and proto-Indo-European developed.

This study was carried out on a sample of 50 subjects pursuing undergraduate degree courses in History, Sanskrit and Music for fulfilment of basic objective of the study to find out the effect of musical practice in increasing the meta cognitive skills of the subjects. For this researcher formulated the null hypothesis to fulfilment of objective. The samples were collected through Simple Random Sampling method. The samples were administered using the Meta - cognitive skills scale. Results reveal that, people who practice music has quality sleep cycle which leads to good meta cognitive skill. When one is practicing to music so, it creates an incredibly powerful effect on human brain. It calms and sooths the nervous system and as well as helps in slow brain ageing

This study aims to investigate and compare the level of life satisfaction between working and non-working women in a spiritual environment. The research will be conducted using a comparative research design, with a sample size of 60 women, including 30 working women and 30 non-working women, who belong to a spiritual community. The study uses a standardized life satisfaction scale to collect data from participants. The findings of this study indicates that there is no significant difference between the life satisfaction of the working and non-working women. And this will contribute to the understanding of the relationship between work status, spirituality, and life satisfaction among women. The results of the study will surely help policymakers and organizations for practically implementing and promoting the level of wellbeing for working and for women who are handling the household works. The study may also serve as a foundation for future research in the field of work, spirituality, and life satisfaction.

For college students to succeed in both their academic and personal lives, emotional intelligence and emotional maturity is essential. Emotional intelligence encompasses the ability to recognize, comprehend and manage emotions, whereas emotional maturity calls for one’s own emotion regulation. Better coping, empathy, and interpersonal skills can be attained by growing one’s emotional intelligence. These abilities may help students overcome college obstacles and laying the groundwork for long-term success. This paper examines the connection between both of these variables and college-going students’ quality of life. Eighty undergraduate and postgraduate students from the Dev Sanskriti Vishwavidyalaya were chosen for the study by use of the Emotional Intelligence Scale and the Emotional Maturity Scale[EMS]. An Accidental Sampling Technique was used in this study. An Independent t-test used to conclude the result. Study aimed to determine if there was a significant difference between the emotional intelligence and emotional maturity scores of males and females. The study found significant differences between the emotional maturity of males and females. This study also showed there is no significant difference in emotional intelligence between males and females

As a new e-commerce model, live streaming is rapidly rising in the market with its unique advantages and characteristics. However, with the rise of live-streaming marketing, a series of legal issues are also involved. For example, anchors need to ensure the authenticity and legality of their goods, merchants need to sign contracts with anchors and fulfil regulations on taxation and other aspects, as well as protect the intellectual property rights of their goods, while consumers also need to protect their rights and interests in the process of live-streaming with goods and remain vigilant against false propaganda and fraud. Therefore, the government needs to strengthen the market regulation of live-streaming with goods and study related legal issues to ensure a fair and orderly market. This article will focus on three legal issues: whether the anchor should be held responsible for the goods' quality, the ownership of the live-streaming account and whether the anchor can cancel the brokerage contract with the MCN at any time.

This article examines the challenges tour guides face in remote interaction with their clients, with a focus on testimonials gathered from experienced guides. The results show that guides struggle to respond to negative online reviews, grab customers' attention, cultivate a good reputation, and regain the trust of potential customers. These challenges underscore the importance of adopting effective remote interaction strategies to maintain a good image and ensure the success of their activities.

Differentiated pedagogy is an educational approach that recognizes that each learner is unique and has different needs, interests, and learning styles. Its aim is to adapt teaching methods and pedagogical content to address the individual needs of each student while fostering their engagement and academic success. The main objective of differentiated pedagogy is to allow each student to progress at their own pace, taking into account their strengths and weaknesses. Inspired by John Rawls' concept of "affirmative action," which seeks to support the underprivileged and provide them with equal opportunities for success as individuals with more advanced abilities. This pedagogical approach is based on diagnostic assessment of students' knowledge, skills, and individual needs, enabling the teacher to better understand their strengths and weaknesses. This information allows the teacher to adapt their teaching accordingly. However, despite the implementation of this approach by teachers, the gaps between student levels continue to widen.

The continuing efforts of state colleges and universities in the Philippines to obtain ISO 9001:2015 Certification and recertification have raised speculations on its supposed benefits. This has resulted to the growing interest in determining the impact of the certification efforts in the delivery of quality higher education services in selected state university specifically in Region III. The research employed the quantitative descriptive correlational research design perspective with the survey questionnaire as the primary data collection tool from the 400 students and faculty respondents who were selected randomly using the quota sampling technique. The researcher found out that the state universities generally were progressing towards Level III institutional accreditation, had been in SUC Level III in the past two years, were not yet recognized as either Center of Excellence or Development, had a large number of student enrollment and with the adequate number of faculty members and non-teaching personnel. The respondents assessed the practices under ISO 9001 Certification as highly practiced. The respondents assessed the indicators for Quality Service practices as very evident. There was a significant difference in the assessment of the respondents with regard to the subcategories/dimensions on the Present Status of SUCs on the Quality Service Practices to the SUC‟s profile variable. There was a significant difference on the assessment of the respondents towards dimensions on ISO 9001 practices of SUC‟s profile variables. There was a significant difference on the assessment of the respondents towards dimensions on ISO 9001 practices of SUC‟s as grouping variables. There was a positive moderate relationship between the Quality Service practices and the ISO 9001 practices of the SUC‟s. An Intervention program was proposed to enhance Quality Services of State Universities in the Region of Central Luzon. Based on the gathered data and findings of the study, the researcher has formulated the following recommendations, possible conduct of further research on the ISO 9001:2015 practices and utilizing mixed methods may be conducted to validate the findings of this study. Qualitative methods can enrich the understanding obtained from data in the study, that the proposed intervention plan is encouraged to be implemented which aims to improve the quality service practices of the state universities, universities are encouraged to establish a comprehensive and intensive research program by establishing an in-service training for faculty to enhance their research and statistics capabilities, the leadership of the universities may vigorously pursue innovative practices through research, the top management may consider the provision of incentives to research aimed at generating institutional knowledge that would lead to better services, and for future researcher/s, a replication of the study with an in-depth and wider scope in order validate the salient findings obtained in the study.

The Ministry of National Education and Vocational Training has embarked on an in-depth reform of the education system as part of a comprehensive and coherent vision from 2015 to 2030[...] Anxious to strengthen the conditions conducive to real learning, the "Agirautrement" project focused on streamlining and simplifying learning. » Pedagogical Guide (2016). The project was launched with the aim of strengthening the conditions for meaningful learning by streamlining and simplifying learning, including reading, in educational programmes. Despite five years of experimentation, the results obtained are not yet satisfactory.

As a new type of English writing task in the college entrance examination in recent years, the Continuation Task, a combination of reading and writing, is not only limited to testing students' literacy ability, but also testing students' comprehensive ability to learn and use language. The adjustment direction of examination content pays more attention to students' comprehensive ability of students’ creative expression ability and emotional output ability rather than only language knowledge which refers to phonetics, vocabulary, phrases, syntax, etc. And this is consistent with the cultivation of English key competencies which include language ability, cultural awareness, thinking quality, and learning ability. This paper mainly explores how to better carry out the classroom teaching of high school English reading and writing based on the key competencies under the background of the new college entrance examination.