This article is to obtain a picture of the institutional capacity of MRP as a representative institution natives of Papua, the authors use this type of qualitative research methods of interviews and documentation studies. Furthermore, to obtain the validity / validity of the data, then the analysis also uses a qualitative approach. This study was conducted to answer the question, How Institutional Capacity of the Papuan People's Assembly? To answer these questions, theoretical framework is built include: MRP as a means of representation of indigenous people of Papua, institution, authority, recruitment, ethnicity, marginalization and MRP constraints in implementing the tasks and functions. The results of this study indicate, institutions Papuan People's Assembly in carrying out the mandated duties and authorities there are some obstacles or barriers that are often encountered include: The existence of half-hearted political attitude of the government, There is suspicion of government (shadow separatism), The recruitment process specific elements of customary nature of the selection of lower levels, so laden with political dynamics and the politics of money, Even the observer Papua issue, a very strong political intervention from the government, and The establishment of the MRP of West Papua

Not always might is an asset, not always heavyweights win, and lightweights lose. Not all conflicts are two-person zero-sum games in which the winner‟s gains equal to the loser's losses. Often, conflicts are “games” played by more than two players with varying skills and strengths, and gains and losses are distributed unevenly. A weak player can survive by exploiting the rivalry among stronger opponents. Political and economic contests are non-zero-sum games in which both competition and cooperation go together, and even the loser gets a stake. Based on a three-person threeway duel, this paper mathematically proves the proposition that, if played strategically, the weak can survive a conflict in a fight against far stronger opponents. The paper has limitations that are intrinsic to rational choice theory. The war between the State of Eritrea, the Federal Republic of Ethiopia, and the Tigray Liberation Front can be analysed using this game model. So long, as there is peace between Ethiopia and Eritrea, the chances of TPLF survival are extremely low.

Africa has a wide range of religious beliefs and practices which are derived from the people‟s cherished cultural heritage and which connects the past with the present. Adichie‟sPurple Hibiscus exhibits a technique of contrasting Christian characters with Traditional African ones in order to expose the contradictions of the Christian religion and its adherents in Africa. She also portrays Christianity as an extended arm of colonialism and neo-colonialism. This research employs textual or content analysis of the primary text, Purple Hibiscus, as well as other polemical works in evaluating and analyzing religious bigotry as a major theme in the novel. The researcher also consulted other critical works written by other critics on ChimamandaNgoziAdichie‟s novels as secondary sources. This research shows that Adichie perceives Traditional African religion as the same, if not very similar in many respects as the Christian religion which was introduced by the white missionaries. The only difference being largely in names, mode of worship and certain principles. She is not against Christianity but only frowns at the way Christianity is manipulated by some adherents, especially the educated elites, in order to exploit and subjugate others.

Semiology is a human science that aspires to the precision of the exact sciences. However, faced with various subjects, this science has come up against methodological difficulties. The image in particular represents a challenge that can only be resolved by methods inspired from hermeneutics. First, our article exposes the methodological challenges that semiology encounters and the solutions proposed to overcome them. Secondly, we define a framework for understanding caricature which needs to be examined according to a particular consideration since it expressly rebels against the rules of the iconic resemblance on which the image feeds. Thus, we examine how the cartoonist manages to create a satirical meaning although he breaks and destroys the form and the icon.

Housing architecture, which emerged in different ways according to the environment in ancient times, with the aim of protecting from precipitation, cold weather and wild animals, has taken more different forms with the needs arising from necessity in every period of history. The residential architecture, which was affected by the economic, cultural and social changes of the period, took its current form by being influenced by all the changes of the time it was built. In Azerbaijan, with the effect of oil revenues in Baku, which became economically rich at the end of the 19th century, a significant number of architectural works emerged, primarily residential buildings. From this point Western influences in Baku architecture have also manifested themselves in residential architecture since the end of the 19th century. This has generally been achieved with the contributions of German and Polish architects. In this study, some examples of Polish architect Jozef Ploshko's residential buildings in Baku, who have an important place in the modernization process of Baku architecture, will be selected and examined in terms of plan, interior and facade features, and it will be tried to obtain information about the architect's residential buildings.

What were once vices are now norms. This statement aptly and succinctly describes the prevalence of the crime of operating a baby factory and its coefficient crimes like prostitution, women trafficking, kidnapping, abduction, slave trading and rape among several others in Nigeria. It is opined in this paper that these crimes multiply each other in the sense that the prevalence of one or two serves as catalysts to the other or others to the extent that all are the causes and at the same time the effects of each other which leads to a vicious circle of causes and effects. The penchant for these illicit engagements which were once morally despicable is now becoming a way of life in the country and the alleged justification for same is that they serve as sources of income to ameliorate the harsh economic climate being currently experienced in the country. The income from these activities are also laundered as seed money for legitimate investments. The paper opines that no matter the garb they adorn, these activities are illicit and remain so as long as the law prohibits and penalizes them. The paper examines the law on these crimes and the nexus among them and concludes by suggesting that a strict enforcement of the Anti-trafficking in person‟s law would be necessary to stem the proliferation of baby factories in the country among other suggestions. The doctrinal research methodology was adopted in the writing of the paper.

The précis of this paper is an examination of the need or needlessness of the expansion of the frontiers or liberalization of the circumstances under which abortion (which is presently illegal under the Nigerian law except to save the expectant mother‟s life) may be legalized. Calls have been made for the legalization of abortion in other circumstances other than the one stated above. It is the aim of this paper to interrogate the justification for the call to legitimize abortion. In pursuance of this, the paper examines some penal provisions on abortion in Nigeria, judicial decisions on these penal provisions, some of the views of those advocating for the expansion of the frontiers of legal abortion, the views of those opposed to same and thereafter opines that instead of liberalizing access to abortion in Nigeria, more should be done to inculcate in our youths the mores and values of chastity and abstinence from pre-marital sex and also beseech health care providers to enlighten the populace on other means of birth control other than feticide. The doctrinal research methodology was adopted in writing this paper.

Ineffective Project management strategies are leading to time and cost related crisis in construction projects. The aim of this study is to examine and identify factors that cause cost overrun in commercial construction projects. In this study Relative Importance Index (RII) is used to determine importance of factors causing cost overrun. A questionnaire with 14 factors, identified from the review of published research papers on cost overruns, was floated to respondents involved in commercial projects dealing with cost overruns .The major factors causing cost overrun in commercial construction projects were identified and ranked by application of Relative Importance Index (RII) method and conclusions were drawn from the findings of the study. It is observed that the factors namely poor site management, ineffective scheduling, inexperience of contractor, lack of communication between parties and inappropriate contract duration are most significant factors for construction cost overrun in Indian commercial projects.

Developing and fostering trusting relations in schools could provide solutions on how to cope with hectic and demanding conditions. Previous research has documented that trust ensures (among others),higher learning outcomes, positive and supportive school climate, increased teacher responsibility and professionalism, organizational citizenship behaviors, unhindered communication, cooperation, continuous professional learning and enhanced teachers' collective efficacy. The paper aims to provide evidence on how trust facilitates school leaders and teachers to meet and overcome difficulties, especially in times of uncertainty (e.g., Covid-19 period). It also suggests that where trusting relations bloom, the chance schools perform adequately under any circumstances, is particularly high

This Paper examines and tries to explain the problem of vengeance in Shakespeare's play Hamlet. Firstly, this research will define and give the meaning of the term revenge. Secondly, the reasons for Hamlet’s delay will also be explained. Also with this research will talk about the summary of the play Hamlet. The researcher then mentions how Shakespeare explored the study's theme in his play. At that time of the Elizabethan era the revenge plays were at its climax of popularity. Most of them were tragedy or melodrama with so many vicissitudes and turns to keep the audience spellbound.

On March 11th, 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 as a worldwide pandemic. Days later, students across the United States began attending school virtually. After nearly a year of learning virtually, Forsyth County schools in North Carolina reopened for those who wanted to attend school in person. As such, most students in this county have attended school online at one point or another. This paper aimed to investigate exactly how high school students adapted to the digital learning environment. For the most part, high school students prefer to learn face to face. Our analysis revealed that students missed socialization with friends and extracurricular activities the most out of the given choices. Additionally, students chose math as the subject they believed was the hardest to learn virtually. According to our survey, 95% of college-bound students want to attend college in person.

Le présent article s’intéresse à l’écriture féminine au Maroc qui peut être considérée comme un triomphe social et littéraire de la femme marocaine. En effet, les femmes qui écrivent ont su exprimer les douleurs des femmes qui ne pouvaient jusqu’à lors dévoiler tous les maux qu’elles subissaient dans le mutisme. Au fil des années, les récits écrits par les femmes ont commencé à rivaliser ceux des hommes, tout en gardant leur spécificité thématique et stylistique

The focus of this study is on the contribution of Aristotle’s virtue ethics on dealing with the problem of corruption, political instability and bad governance in the developing countries. Aim or objective of this study is to establish how Aristotle’s virtue ethics can be a solution to the problem of corruption, political instability and bad governance in the developing countries. Nowadays corruption, political instability and bad governance have been a cause of concern for many countries around the world, more especially the developing countries. Experiences tell us that corruption, political instability and bad governance can have a disastrous impact on an economy. This study suggests that virtue ethics as an ethical system can be a solution to those problems, having in mind the concept of virtue ethics as it is presented by Aristotle is more about the good end as the aim of human life, therefore virtuous life guides human being toward the ultimate goal of human life. Corruption, political instability and bad governance does not take human being to the good end, they are against the ultimate goal of human life. Therefore, in this study we want to see how Aristotle’s virtue ethics can be a solution to the problem of corruption, political instability and bad governance in the developing countries.

Recent years, with the development of the era of big data, the construction of smart canteens as an important part of smart campus has attracted increasing attention. Since the outbreak of Covid-19, it is increasingly urgent to accelerate the construction of smart canteens in particular. In addition, Internet of Things has greatly promoted the rapid development of smart canteens. This paper introduces the new exploration of China University of Geosciences (Beijing) in the construction of smart canteens. Based on Internet of Things technology, Smart College Canteens has been developed with the help of mobile Internet, big data and cloud computing. The platform has changed the traditional consumption and operation mode of canteens on campus currently so as to create a brand-new management system for the convenience of students. Furthermore, it realizes the refined management and intensive management, improves the service, guides a healthy diet for students and teachers, and improves the efficiency and level of logistics in canteens

The purpose of this paper was to analyze Heidegger‟s conceptualization of language in the formation of cultural identity. The study aimed at finding a Heideggerian solution to how language would play an important role in formation of a cultural identity, since Heidegger perceived language as the disclosure of being unlike the traditional attitude that observed language as a mere tool for communication. The study employed a phenomenological-analytical method which was used to break down concepts by analyzing them, seeking the nature of the concepts (being, language and culture) and hence finding the distinctive relationship between language and being and how culture becomes the mode of man‟s existence. In line with this methodology, the study employed the pragmatic-existential theory in assessing the role of language in man‟s being and how language discloses his being and the being of culture. From a Heideggerian perspective, being-in-the-world reflects a marriage of the human being‟s language and culture in which one exists as language plays an important role in the social construction of self. It was revealed to the study that finding out that being, language and culture are viewed as inseparable, and as in this perspective meaning represents the constituted ideal of being with others in the world, in shared humanness and in shared interactions in the world which are made possible by language as a mode of being. It was concluded that man is incapable of anything without a language, he knows nothing of his world, he has no culture, and he thus has no mode of existence and therefore has no knowledge of his world.

A new interest in Rajinder Singh Bedi (1915-84), among the founding authors of Urdu short fiction with Premchand, Manto and Krishan Chander, appeared in print and electronic media over 2020-22. But that was not for his Partition stories or for his contribution to cinema. Rather, the cloud of Covid-19 that had spread over India in 2020 led to a series of thoughtful publications on Indian literary works that represented past epidemic outbreaks—notably, of plague, cholera, smallpox and Spanish Flu. This included plain surveys, scholarly readings and translations into English. The work which got most prominence in these retrospectives was ‗Quarantine‘[1] by Bedi. While other Indian authors framed epidemics in terms of effects on interpersonal relations, or as metaphor for superstition, caste inequality, modernity, and so forth, Bedi foregrounds (a) protagonists as public health professionals (doctors, nurses and sanitation workers who work as cogs driven by a public health policy directed at the population of an urban centre), (b) a technical language au courant with the state of play in epidemiology and epidemic management and (c) an awareness that epidemics put into crisis the relation between states and peoples.

The concept of death plays a great influence in the life of man since it either enhances life or paralyzes life. Martin Heidegger treats death as an important factor for bringing man to thyself and thus in his line this literature will provide insight on how the consciousness of death positively enhances man‟s life. But also the literature will provide concrete insight on how the consciousness of death can help man to live a significant life in this material world as the result of the acceptance of death

The study investigated the Impacts of Marital Conflicts on The Anglican Church of Morogoro Diocese, Morogoro Town Deanery, therefore in this study the research the researcher focused on the social and psychological impacts of marital conflicts. The study employed a case study research design with the qualitative approach where by the sample of 100 respondents from Anglican Church of Morogoro Diocese in Morogoro Town Deanery. Interview, questionnaire and focal group, were used to collect data while documentary review was used to collect secondary data. The finding revealed problems of marital conflicts families like affected members of the family and the community at large.

The paper identifies trends in Indian filmmaking on the Covid-19 outbreak between 2020-22 by examining selected short films and short film anthologies, documentaries/docudramas and feature films. The Introduction looks at appraisals of popular films on epidemics, which appeared in popular and academic media (print and electronic) between those two years. In passing, it notes that Indian films on epidemic outbreaks—though not too many—found almost no space in these publications. They also tended to overlook films produced internationally, leaving aside one or two exceptions from south Korea. The remaining study of the three genres identified above show that: (a) there is a vast difference in approach and tone between the first and the second waves of Covid-19 in India, (b) that some representations highlight official/ruling party views and are generally optimistic and laudatory, while others point to policy failures, (c) that while some short films focus on middle/upper middle class experience of the lockdowns, others foreground the enforced reverse migration of labour and destitution, (d)that Indian feature films, especially from Bollywood, have not yet ventured with any seriousness into this far-reaching public health disaster.

The construction of the Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and rural revitalization are the two major development strategies implemented by China in the new era. In the process of the integrated development of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, the rural revitalization of Guangdong Province is facing both important development opportunities and many difficulties and challenges. In recent years, Guangdong Province has actively explored and implemented the rural revitalization action plan while taking the initiative to connect and support the construction of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area in light of the actual situation of the province, and achieved some phased results. These phased results are mainly manifested in: (1) Implemented projects such as "Rural E-commerce", "Rural Craftsman", "Cantonese Cuisine Master", "Guangdong Technician" and "Southern Guangdong Housekeeping" to promote farmers' employment and entrepreneurship, (2) The financial system for supporting agriculture has been improved, and the ability to serve rural revitalization has been enhanced, (3) A crisis management system and mechanism for the healthy operation of the agricultural economy has been established to ensure the safety of agricultural production and the effective supply of agricultural products. However, the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area integrated development path of rural revitalization in Guangdong still needs to be optimized in terms of supporting agriculture, enhancing the competitiveness of the agricultural industry, and accelerating the promotion of industrial integration.

The current process of construction and its related activity in the country generates huge volumes of waste and it is estimated that India generates an estimated 150 million tons of Construction and Demolition waste from construction, renovation and demolitions every year [1] and unofficial estimates of the total waste generated in the country put the figure at three-five times more than the official estimate. It was found that India recycles just one per cent of its Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) in a survey by CSE on August 25, 2020.By analyzing the composition of various materials in the CDW stream in our country, ways of recycling, reusing manage those major contributors by can be identified. By studying the status of various CDW management systems in the country, their by-products we can understand the options to incorporate the waste generated, back into the construction industry, and the permissible levels and standards for the same. Cost savings incurred in construction by following the available permissible CDW substitutions, and latest research in the construction materials using CDW byproducts can be quantified, to get a clear picture of the benefits possible. The need for further innovations and possible scope and use for waste materials are understood. With the current shortage of dwelling units in India, and the volume of CDW generation, incorporating the CDW materials in construction of the same be economically and environmentally beneficial.

Several psychological tendencies emerged in the latter few decades of the twentieth century, and they have continued into the twenty-first. Psychology has its origins in nineteenth-century physiology, and psychologists have long been fascinated by the brain-behaviour link. Darwinian thought has always been critical in psychology (for example, it forms the foundation of functionalist thinking). Still, in recent years, a new sub discipline called evolutionary psychology has emerged, employing evolutionary concepts to explain various human behaviours. The advancement of high-frequency computer capability has had and will endure to impact psychological study significantly. As the twentieth century came to a close, psychology had grown more specialised and, as a result, more fragmented—cognitive neuropsychologists, school psychologists, and industrial psychologists seemed to have nothing in common. This trend toward specialisation will undoubtedly continue, but it's crucial to realise that all psychologists have one thing in common: their background. This article begins with a review of psychology in the twenty-first century and finishes with a discussion of psychology's future by looking at current uses.

Despite many campaigns and policy restructuring to alleviate gender inequality in Kenya, gender inequality is still widespread. Women do not have equal access to opportunities as men making them generally poor, and their poverty grip is yet to be broken. Women have remained on the margins of their society, hence, the majority does not exert their power and authority in the social, economic, and political structures. This study aimed at examining the influence of land inheritance on gender inequalities in Tunyo, Elgeyo Marakwet County. The study is anchored on symbolic interactionism theory. A descriptive survey design was employed. Stratified, proportionate, and simple random sampling selected the study respondents. Questionnaire and interview schedules were used for data collection. Data analysis was done using descriptive frequencies, percentages, and means. Data was presented in pie charts, graphs, and frequency tables. Findings indicated that land inheritance in the community following patrilineal order, land registration is mainly done on the husband's name. Even after the husband's death, a woman can only use the land until her son(s) come of age to inherit. Women not being allowed to inherit land because they are perceived to be part of the wealth of the community are the effects of land inheritance on gender inequalities. The study concludes that land inheritance is a cultural system favoring only men in the study area. Despite the new constitution in place, gender inequality in inheritance still exists. The study recommends that since the new constitution recognizes that both children have a right to inherit the land. Still, implementation has failed, there is a need, therefore, for the National government to work closely with the county government and the ministry of lands to ensure that women are not discriminated against based on land and property inheritance.

The aim of this work is to register the views of university students regarding the advantages and disadvantages of distance learning, a teaching method applied in a compulsory and universal way to all levels of education in Greece, but also all over the world, due to the Covid-19 pandemic crisis. The students who participated in the exploratory study also expressed their views as to whether and to what extent online teaching can replace in-class teaching in the three levels of education. The reason why it was considered important to record the views of the students was that during one academic semester (February 2020 – June 2020) they attended all their courses initially in person and subsequently over the Internet. This was thought to be of great importance because the comparison between traditional and online teaching was immediate and meaningful, as they attended both forms of teaching in succession.

The current study analyses the pragmatic effects of direct reported speech in the construction of discursive identities of the speakers in the Moroccan newspapers published in French, and especially on the discourse about language. Reported speech as a dialogic form is of paramount importance in the newspapers’ discourse as it allows for an insertion of another discourse in the speaker’s own discourse, taking a variety of forms, seeking objectivity sometimes and having the intention of dominance in other cases. In other words, in the dynamics of the construction of identity, the scripter can choose the position of an over-enunciator or an under-enunciator to serve his pragmatic intentions. The direct reported speech is a field where the speakers’ positions are played out in terms of enunciative postures and the shaping of discursive identities. Résumé Le présent article s’attache à l’étude des effets pragmatiques du discours rapporté direct (DD) dans la construction des identités discursives des locuteurs dans la presse marocaine d’expression française et plus particulièrement dans le discours sur les langues. Le discours rapporté comme forme dialogique revêt une importance particulière dans les discours de presse dans la mesure où il permet au locuteur d’introduire un discours autre dans son propre discours en empruntant diverses formes, tantôt dans un souci d’objectivité par rapport au discours autre, tantôt dans une intention de domination. Autrement dit, dans la dynamique de la construction de l’identité, le locuteur journaliste/scripteur peut choisir une posture de sur-énonciateur ou celle de sous-énonciateur. Le DD est un lieu où se joue l’expression des positions du locuteur en termes de postures énonciatives et de façonnement des identités

This research aims to find out the impact, the level of community social welfare, and to determine the relationship between the impact of clearing oil palm land on the community welfare in Masaburi village, Manokwari Regency. It utilized quantitative methods with the population of all people in Mansaburi village totaling 169 people. By using purposive sampling technique, 50 samples were obtained. The results of the research demonstrate that after the existence of the company, there is a decrease in the level of interaction, mutual cooperation, and so on. Oil palm company has a profound impact on the social conditions of the community, such as the existence of educational facilities in Mansaburi village, fights between villages, decreased levels of community interaction and mutual cooperation, and many improvements and provision of public facilities. Before the existence of the company, the economic conditions of the community could be said to be in a poor condition in their respective areas of origin since their property and houses were burned due to the riots. The existence of oil palm company greatly affects the economic conditions of the community, including an increase in the economic level and facilities of the community in Mansaburi village which are very helpful in improving the community's economy, increasing land prices, and the presence of a side job, working as teachers